“Bleeding Eye” Virus and Other Deadly Diseases: Urgent Travel Warnings for UK, Africa, and Beyond
Marburg, Mpox, and Oropouche: Global health threats to watch for this year.
Urgent Global Health Warning: Travelers Advised to Be Aware of Deadly “Bleeding Eye” Virus and Other Diseases
A new health crisis is sweeping across parts of Africa and the UK, with the spread of Marburg virus, also known as the “Bleeding Eye” virus, sparking global concern. Travelers are being urged to exercise caution, particularly those heading to Africa or the UK, where the virus, along with other dangerous diseases like Mpox and Oropouche, are spreading rapidly.
The Marburg virus has already caused 15 deaths and infected hundreds in Rwanda, with the potential to spread to neighboring countries that are struggling to control existing outbreaks. Meanwhile, Mpox, a disease closely related to smallpox, has been detected in several African nations and the UK, while the Oropouche virus continues to infect people across South America and the Caribbean. Here’s what you need to know about these threats, the symptoms to watch out for, and the necessary precautions for those planning travel.
What Is the “Bleeding Eye” Virus?
The Marburg virus, also known as the “Bleeding Eye” virus, has a high fatality rate, with a death rate of approximately 50%. This virus is transmitted through direct contact with body fluids, such as blood, vomit, and other secretions from infected individuals. Though it is rare, Marburg has occasionally been reported in travelers who visited bat caves or mines, which are known to be sources of the virus.
Why Is It Called the “Bleeding Eye” Virus?
Marburg is referred to as the “Bleeding Eye” virus due to the severe symptoms it causes, which can include bleeding from the eyes, gums, nose, and other parts of the body. This virus is highly contagious, and the WHO warns that it can spread quickly in areas with limited healthcare resources.
Early Symptoms of Marburg
Symptoms of Marburg virus appear suddenly after an incubation period of two to 21 days and include:
- Fever
- Excruciating headaches
- Severe fatigue
- Muscle aches
As the disease progresses, more severe symptoms such as:
- Watery diarrhea
- Abdominal cramping
- Nausea and vomiting
- Rashes
On day five or later, patients can experience:
- Severe bleeding from the eyes, gums, and nose
- Internal bleeding
- Disorientation, confusion, or hostility
Patients may die within eight to nine days due to shock or massive blood loss.
The Spread of Mpox: A Rising Concern
Along with Marburg, the spread of Mpox has prompted concern among public health officials. Mpox, a viral illness related to smallpox, has been increasingly reported in several African countries as well as in the UK.
Where Has Mpox Spread?
Mpox cases have been confirmed in countries such as Burundi, Uganda, Gabon, and Kenya. The UK has also seen a rise in cases, with recent instances linked to travelers returning from Africa.
Symptoms of Mpox
Mpox typically presents itself with a rash that can last for up to a month. This rash can appear on the face, palms, soles, and genital areas, and resembles blisters or sores. Other early symptoms of Mpox include:
- Backache and muscle pain
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Fever and chills
- Headache and fatigue
- Joint pain
Although Mpox is primarily spread through close physical contact, including sexual contact, household transmission has been reported, making it highly infectious in close-knit living conditions.
How to Protect Yourself from Mpox
- Avoid contact with infected individuals or those showing signs of a rash.
- Wash your hands regularly and use hand sanitizer.
- Stay away from sick individuals and avoid sharing personal items.
Oropouche Virus: A Growing Threat in South America
In addition to Marburg and Mpox, the Oropouche virus is spreading through South America and parts of the Caribbean. This virus, transmitted through midge bites, has infected over 10,000 people this year alone.
Where Has Oropouche Been Found?
Oropouche virus cases have been reported in countries like Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guyana, Panama, and Peru. The virus does not yet have any specific treatments or vaccines, making it a cause for concern.
Symptoms of Oropouche
Oropouche disease typically manifests with symptoms that include:
- Fever
- Nausea and vomiting
- Headache
- Rash
- Muscle and joint pain
Symptoms usually appear 3 to 10 days after infection and last around a week.
Precautionary Measures for Travelers
Health authorities, particularly in the UK, have issued travel advisories urging travelers to be vigilant when heading to regions affected by these diseases. While the risk in the UK remains relatively low, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has advised those planning trips to consult healthcare providers before departure, especially for those with weakened immune systems or those who are pregnant.
Travel Tips for Staying Safe
- Consult with healthcare providers: Before traveling to regions affected by these diseases, consult your doctor or a travel health professional for guidance on vaccinations and preventive measures.
- Stay informed: Regularly check health advisories from the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) regarding updates on disease outbreaks.
- Use travel health insurance: Ensure you have adequate travel insurance that covers medical expenses in case you contract any of these viruses.
- Practice good hygiene: Regular hand washing and avoiding contact with sick individuals can help reduce your risk.
Conclusion: Stay Vigilant Amid Global Health Threats
The spread of the “Bleeding Eye” Marburg virus, Mpox, and Oropouche is a growing concern, particularly for travelers heading to affected regions. With symptoms that can be severe and life-threatening, it is crucial to stay informed and follow recommended precautions to protect yourself and others.
By staying aware of the risks and taking proactive health measures, travelers can reduce their chances of contracting these potentially deadly viruses. As global health authorities continue to monitor the situation, ensuring that you are well-prepared and protected can make all the difference in staying safe.
